Introduction

When buying ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar, buyers should first confirm the grade, standard scope, bar diameter, length, tolerance, surface condition, heat number, EN 10204 3.1 MTC, chemical composition, mechanical properties, PMI testing, UT testing and third-party inspection requirements. ASTM B348 covers titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets, so it is suitable for titanium round bar procurement, but buyers must specify whether they need Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V or another titanium grade according to corrosion resistance, strength, machining, forming and end-use application.

Titanium round bars are widely used in chemical processing, marine engineering, aerospace, medical equipment, heat exchangers, fasteners, shafts, valve parts, pump components, CNC machining and precision industrial parts. ASTM B348 is one of the most commonly referenced standards for titanium bar products in international procurement because it defines grade requirements, chemical limits, mechanical properties and delivery expectations for titanium and titanium alloy bars.

For engineering buyers, the most common titanium round bar grades are Grade 1, Grade 2 and Grade 5. Grade 1 offers excellent formability and corrosion resistance with lower strength. Grade 2 is the most widely used commercially pure titanium grade with a balanced combination of strength, corrosion resistance and availability. Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V offers much higher strength and is commonly selected for aerospace, high-strength fasteners, shafts and precision machined components.

What Is ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar?

ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar refers to titanium and titanium alloy bar products manufactured according to ASTM B348. The standard applies to titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets, including commercially pure titanium grades and alloyed titanium grades. Round bars supplied under this standard are commonly used for machining, forging, fasteners, shafts, support parts, medical components, aerospace parts and corrosion-resistant industrial components.

In practical procurement, “ASTM B348 titanium round bar” is not enough as a complete specification. Buyers should also define the grade, diameter, length, tolerance, surface finish, condition, quantity, certificate type and inspection requirement. For example, ASTM B348 Grade 2 Titanium Round Bar and ASTM B348 Grade 5 titanium round bar are both titanium bars, but their strength, composition, cost and applications are very different.

Common Titanium Round Bar Product Forms

Product Form	Typical Supply Condition	Typical Application
Titanium Round Bar	Hot rolled, forged, annealed, peeled, turned, ground or polished	Shafts, fasteners, CNC machining, valve parts, pump components and aerospace parts
Titanium Rod	Straight length, small diameter, polished or bright surface	Medical instruments, precision parts, electrodes, welding and light machining
Titanium Billet	Forging stock or hot-worked billet	Further forging, rolling, extrusion and high-strength components
Precision Ground Titanium Bar	Ground surface, tight tolerance, straightened	Precision shafts, medical machining, automation parts and high-accuracy components

ASTM B348 Standard Scope and Grade List

ASTM B348 is mainly used for titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets. It is not the same as ASTM B265 for titanium sheet and plate or ASTM B338 for titanium seamless and welded tubes. When buyers request titanium round bars, ASTM B348 is usually the correct standard to mention, but the grade and condition must still be confirmed clearly.

The grade list under ASTM B348 includes commercially pure titanium grades and titanium alloy grades. Grade 1, Grade 2 and Grade 5 are among the most commonly requested grades for international titanium round bar orders.

ASTM B348 Grade	UNS / Common Name	Material Type	Best-use Recommendation
Grade 1	UNS R50250	Commercially pure titanium, lowest strength, excellent ductility	Chemical equipment, forming parts, corrosion-resistant components and applications requiring maximum formability
Grade 2	UNS R50400	Commercially pure titanium, balanced strength and corrosion resistance	General industrial titanium round bar, marine parts, heat exchangers, shafts, fasteners and CNC machining
Grade 3	UNS R50550	Commercially pure titanium with higher strength than Grade 2	Applications needing higher strength than Grade 2 while keeping good corrosion resistance
Grade 4	UNS R50700	Highest strength commercially pure titanium grade	High-strength CP titanium parts, medical-related components and corrosion-resistant mechanical parts
Grade 5	UNS R56400 / Ti-6Al-4V	Alpha-beta titanium alloy with high strength	Aerospace, high-strength fasteners, shafts, precision machining and load-bearing components
Grade 7	UNS R52400	Palladium-added commercially pure titanium	Chemical processing and reducing acid environments requiring improved corrosion resistance
Grade 9	UNS R56320 / Ti-3Al-2.5V	Medium-strength titanium alloy	Tubing, hydraulic systems, lightweight structures and sports equipment components
Grade 23	UNS R56407 / Ti-6Al-4V ELI	Extra low interstitial Ti-6Al-4V alloy	Medical implants, surgical components and high-reliability applications requiring improved toughness

Chemical Composition of Common ASTM B348 Titanium Grades

Chemical composition is one of the most important items on the MTC for ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar. Commercially pure grades are mainly controlled by oxygen, iron, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen levels. Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V contains aluminum and vanadium, which give the material much higher strength than Grade 1 and Grade 2.

Element	Grade 1 Titanium	Grade 2 Titanium	Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V	Procurement Note
Titanium (Ti)	Balance	Balance	Balance	Base metal providing low density, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility
Aluminum (Al)	Not alloyed	Not alloyed	5.50 – 6.75	Key strengthening element in Grade 5
Vanadium (V)	Not alloyed	Not alloyed	3.50 – 4.50	Improves beta phase stability and mechanical strength
Iron (Fe)	Max 0.20	Max 0.30	Max 0.40	Must be controlled for ductility, toughness and consistency
Oxygen (O)	Max 0.18	Max 0.25	Max 0.20	Higher oxygen increases strength but may reduce ductility
Carbon (C)	Max 0.08	Max 0.08	Max 0.08	Controlled interstitial element
Nitrogen (N)	Max 0.03	Max 0.03	Max 0.05	Should be controlled to maintain ductility and toughness
Hydrogen (H)	Max 0.015	Max 0.015	Max 0.015	Strict control helps reduce hydrogen embrittlement risk

Mechanical Properties of ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar

Mechanical properties help buyers select the right titanium round bar grade. Grade 1 has the lowest strength but excellent ductility. Grade 2 offers a balanced combination of strength and corrosion resistance. Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V has much higher tensile and yield strength, making it suitable for high-load and aerospace-related applications.

Property	Grade 1 Titanium	Grade 2 Titanium	Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V	Buyer Selection Note
Tensile Strength	Lower strength, excellent ductility	Medium strength for CP titanium	High strength	Choose Grade 5 when high mechanical strength is required
Yield Strength	Lower	Balanced	Much higher	Important for shafts, bolts, fasteners and load-bearing parts
Elongation	High	Good	Lower than CP titanium grades	Choose Grade 1 or Grade 2 if forming and ductility are more important than strength
Corrosion Resistance	Excellent	Excellent	Good	Commercially pure grades are often preferred for corrosion-focused chemical service
Machinability	Workable with proper tooling	Commonly machined	More difficult due to higher strength	Confirm machining allowance, surface condition and hardness before production
Density	Approx. 4.51 g/cm³	Approx. 4.51 g/cm³	Approx. 4.43 g/cm³	Useful for weight calculation, freight estimation and lightweight design

Applicable Standards and Equivalent Grades

ASTM B348 is the key standard for titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets, but many buyers also compare grades using UNS, EN, DIN, GB and common commercial names. Equivalent grades are useful for cross-checking drawings, international specifications and supplier quotations, but the final order should always state the exact standard required by the project.

Grade	ASTM Bar Standard	UNS	EN / W.Nr. Reference	Common Description
Grade 1	ASTM B348	R50250	3.7025	Commercially pure titanium with excellent ductility
Grade 2	ASTM B348	R50400	3.7035	Most widely used commercially pure titanium grade
Grade 5	ASTM B348	R56400	3.7165	Ti-6Al-4V high-strength titanium alloy
Grade 7	ASTM B348	R52400	Project-specific reference	Palladium-added titanium for improved corrosion resistance
Grade 9	ASTM B348	R56320	Project-specific reference	Ti-3Al-2.5V medium-strength titanium alloy
Grade 23	ASTM B348	R56407	Project-specific medical or aerospace reference	Ti-6Al-4V ELI for higher toughness and stricter interstitial control

Quality Testing and Material Traceability

For ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar, quality traceability should be maintained from raw material melting to finished bar inspection. Buyers should confirm that the heat number or batch number on the material, label, packing list and EN 10204 3.1 MTC is consistent. This is especially important for aerospace, medical, marine, chemical and precision machining applications.

Certificate and Inspection Checklist

Inspection / Document Item	What to Check	Why It Matters
EN 10204 3.1 MTC	Grade, ASTM B348 standard, heat number, chemical composition, mechanical properties, size and condition	Confirms batch-specific quality and supports project documentation
Heat Number Control	Heat number on bar marking, label, packing list and MTC must match	Prevents mixed material supply and supports traceability
PMI Testing	Verify Ti base and alloying elements such as Al and V for Grade 5	Helps distinguish CP titanium from Ti-6Al-4V and avoid wrong-grade delivery
UT Testing	Check internal soundness for medium and large diameter titanium round bars	Important for machining, aerospace, shafts and high-reliability components
Dimensional Inspection	Diameter, length, straightness, ovality, tolerance and surface condition	Ensures CNC machining, assembly and installation requirements are met
Surface Inspection	Check cracks, scratches, pits, oxide scale, peeling marks, grinding marks and end condition	Important for precision machining, medical parts and visual quality requirements
Third-party Inspection	SGS, BV, TUV, Intertek or customer-appointed inspection before shipment	Provides additional confidence for export orders and critical engineering projects

Comparison With Similar Titanium Materials

ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar is often compared across different titanium grades. The best grade depends on whether the buyer needs corrosion resistance, ductility, strength, machinability, medical suitability or cost efficiency. Grade 2 is the most common general-purpose titanium round bar, while Grade 5 is preferred for high-strength applications.

Material	Strength	Corrosion Resistance	Cost Level	Best-use Recommendation
Grade 1 Titanium	Low	Excellent	Moderate to high	Forming parts, chemical equipment and applications requiring maximum ductility
Grade 2 Titanium	Medium for CP titanium	Excellent	Moderate to high	General industrial titanium bars, marine hardware, heat exchangers and machined parts
Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V	High	Good	Higher than CP titanium in many cases	Aerospace, high-strength shafts, bolts, fasteners and precision CNC components
Grade 7 Titanium	Similar to Grade 2 range depending on condition	Excellent in selected reducing acid environments	High	Chemical processing where Grade 2 may not provide sufficient corrosion resistance
Grade 23 Ti-6Al-4V ELI	High	Good	High	Medical implants and high-reliability components requiring ELI control

Industrial Applications of ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar

Titanium round bars are used in industries where low density, corrosion resistance, strength-to-weight ratio and long service life are important. The correct grade should be selected according to the working environment and design load. Grade 2 is commonly used for corrosion-resistant industrial parts, while Grade 5 is used when high strength is required.

Industry / Application	Recommended Grade	Common Products	Selection Reason
Chemical Processing	Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 7	Valve parts, pump shafts, fasteners, supports and machined components	Excellent corrosion resistance in many chemical environments
Marine Engineering	Grade 2, Grade 5	Shafts, bolts, marine hardware, connectors and support parts	Good seawater corrosion resistance and lightweight performance
Aerospace	Grade 5, Grade 23 where required	Fasteners, rods, shafts, brackets, forged parts and precision components	High strength-to-weight ratio and good fatigue performance
Medical and Dental	Grade 2, Grade 5, Grade 23 depending on standard	Instruments, rods, precision machined parts and implant-related materials	Biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and strength; medical use may require special standards
Industrial Machinery	Grade 2, Grade 5	Shafts, blocks, connectors, spacers, support rods and CNC parts	Low density, corrosion resistance and good mechanical reliability
Oil, Gas and Energy	Grade 2, Grade 5, project-specific grades	Bolts, rods, machined parts, corrosion-resistant components and equipment parts	Good corrosion resistance and lightweight performance in demanding industrial systems

Why Choose ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar?

ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar is chosen when buyers need a recognized international bar standard, reliable traceability, good corrosion resistance, low density and suitable mechanical performance. The standard helps buyers and suppliers align on grade, chemical composition, mechanical properties and inspection documentation for titanium bar procurement.

Buyer Specification Checks Before Ordering

Specification Item	Recommended Check
Grade	Confirm Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 5 or another ASTM B348 titanium grade
Standard	Confirm ASTM B348 for titanium bar and billet products
Size	Confirm diameter, length, tolerance, straightness and quantity
Surface Condition	Confirm black, peeled, turned, ground, polished or bright surface
Condition	Confirm annealed, hot worked, cold worked, forged, stress relieved or solution treated condition if required
Testing	Confirm chemical analysis, tensile test, hardness, PMI, UT, surface inspection and third-party inspection
Certificate	Confirm EN 10204 3.1 MTC, EN 10204 3.2 certificate or customer-specific inspection report

Common Buyer Mistakes

One common mistake is asking only for “titanium round bar” without specifying ASTM B348 grade. Grade 2 and Grade 5 may look similar as bar products, but their chemical composition, strength, cost and application are different. Another mistake is using ASTM B348 for plate or tube products. ASTM B348 is for bar and billet, while sheet, plate and tube products require different ASTM standards.

Buyers should also avoid accepting titanium bars without clear heat number marking, incomplete MTC, unknown surface condition or missing mechanical test values. For high-value or safety-related orders, PMI testing, UT testing and third-party inspection should be arranged before shipment.

Surface Finish, Processing and Export Packaging

ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar can be supplied with different surface finishes according to application. Common finishes include black surface, pickled surface, peeled surface, turned surface, ground surface, polished surface and bright surface. For CNC machining and precision parts, peeled or ground bars are usually preferred because they reduce machining allowance and improve dimensional control.

Processing services may include cutting, sawing, peeling, turning, grinding, polishing, straightening and customized length cutting. For export delivery, titanium round bars should be packed with waterproof wrapping, plastic protection, wooden cases, wooden pallets or strong bundles. Clear labels should show grade, standard, heat number, size, quantity and destination information.

Related Titanium Products

SAKY ALLOY supplies titanium materials in different product forms for chemical processing, marine engineering, aerospace, medical equipment and precision machining applications. Related titanium products can be selected according to drawing requirements, product standards and project specifications.

Product	Common Grades	Typical Use
Titanium Bar	Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 5, Grade 7, Grade 9, Grade 23	Shafts, fasteners, CNC parts, valve components, medical parts and aerospace components
Titanium Plate	Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 5, Grade 7, Grade 12	Chemical equipment, heat exchanger parts, marine plates and industrial structures
Titanium Pipe and Tube	Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 7, Grade 9, Grade 12	Heat exchangers, condensers, chemical piping, marine systems and process equipment
Titanium Wire	Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 5, Grade 23	Medical wire, welding wire, springs, mesh, fasteners and precision components
Titanium Forging	Grade 2, Grade 5, Grade 23 and project-specific grades	Forged rings, discs, blocks, shafts and high-strength custom components

FAQ About ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar

1. What does ASTM B348 cover?

ASTM B348 covers titanium and titanium alloy bars and billets. It is commonly used for titanium round bars, rods and billets. It is not the correct standard for titanium sheet, plate or tube products, which have separate ASTM specifications.

2. What is the most common ASTM B348 titanium round bar grade?

Grade 2 titanium round bar is one of the most commonly used grades because it offers a good balance of corrosion resistance, strength, availability and cost. Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V is commonly selected when higher strength is required.

3. What is the difference between Grade 2 and Grade 5 titanium round bar?

Grade 2 is commercially pure titanium with excellent corrosion resistance and moderate strength. Grade 5 is Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy with much higher strength due to aluminum and vanadium alloying. Grade 2 is often used for corrosion-resistant industrial parts, while Grade 5 is used for aerospace, high-strength fasteners and precision machined components.

4. What certificate should be supplied with ASTM B348 titanium round bar?

For most industrial export orders, an EN 10204 3.1 MTC should be supplied. The certificate should show ASTM B348, grade, UNS number, heat number, chemical composition, mechanical properties, size, condition and inspection results. For critical projects, EN 10204 3.2 or third-party inspection may be required.

5. How can buyers verify the correct titanium grade?

Buyers should check the MTC, heat number, product marking and chemical composition. PMI testing is useful for verifying alloying elements, especially aluminum and vanadium in Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V. Heat number consistency should also be checked across material labels, certificates and packing documents.

6. Is ASTM B348 Grade 5 titanium suitable for medical use?

Grade 5 titanium may be used for some medical-related components, but implant applications may require Grade 23 Ti-6Al-4V ELI or special medical standards. Buyers should confirm the exact medical specification, certificate and end-use requirement before ordering.

7. What information is needed for a fast quotation?

A complete inquiry should include grade, standard, diameter, length, quantity, tolerance, surface finish, condition, testing requirement, certificate requirement, destination port and packing requirement. For example: ASTM B348 Grade 2 titanium round bar, diameter 25 mm, length 3000 mm, peeled surface, EN 10204 3.1 MTC and PMI testing required.

Conclusion

ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bar is an important material for buyers who need titanium bars with reliable grade control, chemical composition, mechanical properties and traceability. Grade 1, Grade 2 and Grade 5 are among the most common titanium round bar choices. Grade 1 is suitable for excellent ductility and corrosion resistance, Grade 2 is the balanced general-purpose commercially pure titanium grade, and Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V is selected for high strength and load-bearing applications.

Before ordering, buyers should confirm the correct grade, ASTM B348 standard scope, UNS designation, diameter, length, tolerance, surface condition, EN 10204 3.1 MTC, heat number control, PMI testing, UT testing, dimensional inspection and export packaging. A professional titanium supplier should help buyers check specifications, avoid wrong-grade supply and select the right titanium round bar for the project.